Beer

Beer may be older than the farms that grew its grain: residue in stone mortars at Raqefet Cave in Israel suggests wild-cereal brewing 13,000 years ago. In Mesopotamia it became an institution — rationed to laborers, brewed by women, praised in the Hymn to Ninkasi around 1800 BCE. Malting made grain sweet, fermentation made it safe to drink, and both made it worth storing.

Explore Beer